Names Guide

🇩🇪 FRIEDRICH HOSSBACH 1894 – September 1980 Friedrich Hossbach was born on November 22, 1894, in Unna, Germany. He was a career officer in the German Army, serving in World War I and continuing through the interwar Reichswehr. By the 1930s, he had become a key aide to Adolf Hitler, serving as his military adjutant. H…

🇩🇪 ROBERT LEY 1890 – October 1945 Robert Ley was born on February 15, 1890, in Niederbreidenbach, within the German Empire. He studied chemistry and earned a doctorate before serving as a pilot in World War I, during which he was captured and became a prisoner of war. After the war, he joined the NSDAP in 1925 and qu…

🇩🇪 HJALMAR SCHACHT 1877 – June 1970 Hjalmar Schacht was born on January 22, 1877, in Tingleff, then part of the German Empire (now Tinglev, Denmark). He studied economics and philosophy in Kiel, Munich, Berlin, and Paris, and earned a doctorate in political science. Schacht began his career in banking and rose to pro…

🇯🇵 HIROSHI OSHIMA 1891 – June 1975 Hiroshi Ōshima was born in Gifu Prefecture, Japan, in 1891. He was a prominent Japanese military officer and diplomat, best known for serving as Japan’s ambassador to Germany during the era of the Axis alliance in World War II. Ōshima was fluent in German and developed strong ties w…

🇫🇷 PHILIPPE PÉTAIN 1856 – July 1951 Philippe Pétain was born on April 24, 1856, in Cauchy-à-la-Tour, Pas-de-Calais, France. A career military officer, he rose to prominence during World War I, particularly as the hero of the Battle of Verdun in 1916, where his leadership and defensive strategies earned him national a…